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Dietary Supplement Update By Ronald Steriti, ND, PhD Vitamin D Vitamin D continues to be the subject of much research. An article published in The New England Journal of Medicine stated that vitamin D deficiency remains common in children and adults.7 A review article in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy recommended 5,000 IU of vitamin D per day in obese, aged and/or dark-skinned patients to maintain adequate levels during the winter – a dose that makes many physicians uncomfortable.1 Vitamin D has been found to be helpful with a variety of diseases, including: cancer (colorectal, breast and pancreatic)6; bone loss and fracture prevention12; lupus2,11; and multiple sclerosis.8,9 Folic Acid A meta-analysis of eight randomized trials published in Lancet concluded that folic acid supplementation effectively reduces the risk of stroke in primary prevention.14 Another meta-analysis found that high doses of folic acid improve endothelial function, which could potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.4 Soy Protein A meta-analysis found that soy isoflavones significantly reduced serum total and LDL cholesterol.10 Vitamin A A meta-analysis published in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews found that vitamin A supplementation prevented mortality and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birth-weight infants.3 Ginger and Vitamin B6 A double-blind placebo-controlled study published in Midwifery found that ginger (1g/day) is more effective than vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) for relieving the severity of nausea, and is equally effective for decreasing the number of vomiting episodes in early pregnancy.5 Panax Ginseng A double-blind placebo-controlled study found that supplementation with a Korean red (Panax) ginseng (2 g/meal) improved plasma glucose and plasma insulin regulation in people with well-controlled type 2 diabetes.13 References Cannell JJ, Hollis BW, Zasloff M, Heaney RP. Diagnosis and treatment of vitamin D deficiency. Expert Opin Pharmacother, 2008;9(1):107-18. Cutolo M, Otsa K. Review: Vitamin D, immunity and lupus. Lupus, 2008;17(1):6-10. Darlow BA, Graham PJ. Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2007;(4):CD000501. de Bree A, van Mierlo LA, Draijer R. Folic acid improves vascular reactivity in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr, 2007;86(3):610-7. Ensiyeh J, Sakineh MA. Comparing ginger and vitamin B6 for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Midwifery, Feb. 11, 2008. Giovannucci E. Vitamin D and cancer incidence in the Harvard cohorts. Ann Epidemiol, Feb. 19, 2008. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med, 2007;357(3):266-81. Niino M, Fukazawa T, Kikuchi S, Sasaki H. Therapeutic potential of vitamin D for multiple sclerosis. Curr Med Chem, 2008;15(5):499-505. Smolders J, Damoiseaux J, Menheere P, Hupperts R. Vitamin D as an immune modulator in multiple sclerosis, a review. J Neuroimmunol, 2008. Taku, K, Umegaki K, Sato Y, et al. Soy isoflavones lower serum total and LDL cholesterol in humans: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr, 2007;85(4):1148-56. Thudi A, Yin S, Wandstrat AE, et al. Vitamin D levels and disease status in Texas patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med Sci, 2008;335(2):99-104. van Schoor NM, Visser M, Pluijm SM, et al. Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Bone, 2008;42(2):260-6. Vuksan V, Sung MK, Sievenpiper JL, et al. Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves glucose and insulin regulation in well-controlled, type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2008;18(1):46-56. Wang X, Qin X, Demirtas H, et al. Efficacy of folic acid supplementation in stroke prevention: a meta-analysis. Lancet, 2007;369(9576):1876-82. About the Author: Dr. Ronald Steriti graduated from Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine and currently resides in Naples, Fla. He can be contacted via e-mail at .

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